By extending loans to countries in need of financial assistance, China gains leverage and influence over these nations. This can be used to shape international agreements, gain access to strategic resources, or even establish military bases. It allows China to project its power and influence in regions that were traditionally dominated by Western powers.
Excessive debt to China can lead to economic dependency, where the borrower becomes reliant on Chinese investments, trade, and infrastructure projects. This can result in China exerting economic control over the borrowing country, potentially compromising its sovereignty and decision-making capabilities. It also creates a risk of economic instability if the borrower is unable to repay the loans.
China’s debt-trap diplomacy often comes with fewer conditions related to human rights, environmental standards, or governance practices compared to loans from Western institutions. This undermines Western values and standards, as countries may prioritize short-term economic gains over long-term sustainability and adherence to international norms.
Western countries can strengthen their own development finance institutions to provide alternative sources of financing for countries in need. These institutions can focus on promoting sustainable development, transparency, and adherence to international standards, providing an alternative to China’s loans.
Western countries can work together to provide coordinated financial assistance and investment packages to countries in need. By pooling resources and expertise, they can offer competitive alternatives to China’s loans and avoid the risk of excessive debt burdens.
Western countries can improve their due diligence processes to assess the long-term sustainability and viability of projects before providing loans. This can help prevent countries from falling into debt traps and ensure that projects align with the borrower’s development goals.
Western countries can invest in and strengthen multilateral institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). These institutions can play a vital role in providing financial assistance, promoting transparency, and ensuring responsible lending practices.
Western countries can provide technical assistance and capacity building to countries in need, helping them develop their own expertise in managing debt and negotiating loan agreements. This can empower borrowing countries to make informed decisions and mitigate the risks associated with debt-trap diplomacy.